China crude steel output falls 17% year-on-year

LONDON (Metal-Pages) 24-Nov-08. China's crude steel production in October fell 17% year-ony-ear to 35.9 million tonnes, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Crude steel output for the first 10 months of the year totalled 427.29 million tonnes, which was up 3.9% from a year ago.

Steel products output for the month hit 42.93 million tonnes, down 12.4% compared with the same month in 2007. Steel production January-October totalled 487.91 million tonnes, which was 5.9% higher year-on-year.

In October 2008, China produced 67.85 million of iron ore, which was a 12.5% increase from the same month in 2007. The country's total iron ore output for January to October 2008 was 654.18 million tonnes, which was an increase of 18.8% year-on-year.

China produced 730,300 cars in October, edging down 0.7% from the same month in 2007, while it produced 8.22 million cars January-October, up 12.4% year-on-year.

European antimony trioxide market receives some interests

BEIJING (Asian Metal) 27 Nov 08 – As some people are leaving office in the middle of December for winter holiday, the European antimony trioxide market sees some activities.
A trader source disclosed to Asian Metal that they closed a deal of 99.5%min non-brand named antimony trioxide at USD4,500/t CIF European port. And according to him, 99.65%min standard grade two antimony ingot is offered to him at USD5,200/t CIF Rotterdam. Antimony trioxide price is normally about 82-85% of the metal price, so the source holds that USD4,500/t is a reasonable price.
Prior to this deal, the source had not concluded any deal for several weeks, so he thinks there may have some interest in the market before European leaves for Christmas holiday. Due to the weak economy, most European manufacturers will have longer holidays than they normally do, so this may be the last purchase for them this year.
Another European trader also received inquiries of small volume for next January delivery. He received offers from China in the range of USD4,500-4,700/t CIF Rotterdam depending on different qualities and brand names. "Price fall fast in this month because the market remained quiet for very long time," said the trader and he takes that there is not much pressure on antimony market as other commodities because the supply of raw material, antimony concentrate, is still tight in China.
"Compare to other metals, antimony price was relatively stable in October," said the source, and he thinks we are seeing close to the end of the falling price as there are some buying activities, although inquiries are in small volume. He expects the antimony trioxide price would fall by another USD200/t before it rebounds.

Zinc borate

Zinc borate, also named Flame Retardant FB, has dozens of different varieties. The most common variety is ZB-2335, also named Firebrake ZB. Molecular formula: 2ZnO·3B₂0₃·3.5H₂0, molecular weight 434.68. It is non-toxic, has low water solubility, high thermal stability, small particle size, low specific weight, good dispersibility. It is a highly efficient fire retardant widely used in plastics, rubbers and coatings.

Use

ZB2335 not only has low smokiness and good fire resistance, but also can greatly reduce the ash of rubber products (air-duct, belt conveyer) after burning. So it is the ideal substitute of antimony trioxide. It can achieve better fire retarding effect when used together with antimony trioxide.

1. Plastics: PVC, PVC ebonite foam, phenolic aldehyde, polyester, reinforced polyamide, polyurethane, polystyrene, PP, PE, ABS, epoxy resin, polyvinyl acetate etc.

2. Rubbers: natural rubbers, Styrene Butadiene Rubber, chloroprene rubber etc.

3. Paints: non-intumescent paints and intumescent paints.

MSDS (MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET) OF ZINC BORATE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.	: 1332-07-6, 138265-88-0, 149749-62-2
EINECS NO.	: 215-566-6
FORMULA	: 2ZnO.3B2O3.3.5H2O
MOL WT.	: 434.62
TOXICITY	: Oral rat LD50; 10000 mg/kg
SYNONYMS	: Boric acid, zinc salt; Borsäure, Zinksalz (German);

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE	White crystalline powder
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	Insoluble
pH	7.6
STABILITY	Stable under ordinary conditions
Specific Gravity	2.7
Melting Point	650C/1202F
Solubility in Water	<0.28% @25C

Precautions for Safe

Steps to Be Taken in Case Material Is Released or Spilled: Not applicable for products in purchased form. Wood dust generated from sawing, sanding, drilling, or routing of these products may be vacuumed or shoveled for recovery or disposal. Avoid dusty conditions and provide good ventilation. Use NIOSH/MSHA-approved respirator and goggles where ventilation is not possible and the allowable exposure limits may be exceeded. Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and Storage: No special handling precautions are required for products in purchased form. Avoid repeated or prolonged breathing of wood dust. Products with 100% MDI adhesive release no formaldehyde and have no measurable uncured isocyanate monomer. Store in well-ventilated, cool, dry place away from open flame.

APPLICATION OF ZINC BORATE

Zinc Borate has been used extensively in flexible PVC as a partial replacement for antimony oxide, such as wall coverings, wire and cables, roofing membranes, conveyor belts, carpet backing, auto upholstery, and tenting materials. In contrast to antimony trioxide, this material has a refractive index similar to that of most polymer systems, which allows the use of lower pigment loading.

Zinc Borate has been used as a fire retardant in polyolefin wire & cables, as well as electrical parts. In halogen-containing systems, Zinc Borate is used in conjunction with antimony oxide, while in halogen-free systems, it is normally used in conjunction with alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, or red phosphorus. It should be noted that the use of Zinc Borate can also improve elongation properties of polyolefins.

Zinc Borates with different chemical compositions that provide flame retardant properties and improved resistance against electrical degradation processes in many flame retardant polyamides. The combination of zinc and borate moieties provides unique functionalities. Zinc Borate also perform as synergists with brominated flame retardants to tailor FR properties and CTI. These combinations have also been shown to increase melt stability, and can be used in regrinding processes without a reduction in the original CTI values.

Zinc Borate has been used extensively as a fire retardant in elastomers for applications such as conveyor belting, wire & cables, roofing membranes, flooring material, and foamed insulation products.

Zinc Borate is a flame retardant synergist of halogen sources such as chlorinated resins, decabromodiphenyl oxide, and tetrabromobisphenol-A. Depending on the halogen source used, Zinc Borate can either partially or completely replace antimony oxide. Zinc Borate has been used extensively as a fire retardant in epoxies for applications such as intumescent coatings, glass-reinforced laminates, and encapsulation of electrical components.

OVERVIEW OF ZINC BORATE

Flame Retardant are substances that can be chemically inserted into the polymer molecule or be physically blended in polymers after polymerization to suppress, reduce, delay or modify the propagation of a flame through a plastic materials. There are several classes of flame retardants; Halogenated Hydrocarbons (Chlorine and Bromine containing compounds and reactive flame retardants), Inorganic flame retardants ( Boron compounds, Antimony oxides, Aluminium Hydroxide, molybdenum compounds, zinc and magnesium oxides ), Phosphorous containing compounds (Organic phosphate esters, phosphates, halogenated phosphorus compounds and inorganic phosphorus containing salts).

Zinc Borate is a boron-based fire retardant with a chemical composition of xZnOyB2O3zH2O. The most commonly used grade have following structure 2ZnO.3B2O3zH2.3,5H2O.

Zinc Borate can be used as a fire retardant in PVC, Polyolefins, Elastomers, Polyamides, Epoxy resins. In halogen-containing systems, Zinc Borate is used in conjunction with antimony oxide, while in halogen-free systems, it is normally used in conjunction with alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, or red phosphorus. In some particular application Zinc Borate can be used alone.

Zinc Borate act through :

• Zinc halide or zinc oxyhalide that accelerate the decomposition of halogen sources and promote char formation.
• by the B2O3 moiety released, a low melting glass, that can stabilize the char. B2O3 released can also promote the formation of ceramic formation in systems containing ATH or magnesium hydroxide.
• the endothermic, stepwise release of water that can promote the formation of foamy char.

Chinese ferro Vanadium suppliers raise their offers

Some Chinese vanadium suppliers have raised the offer of the material in the past two days, but the demand from buyers remains slow.
A Liaoning-based trader reported that they raised the offer of ferrovanadium 50% from RMB110,000/t (USD7.30/b) ex works to RMB120,000/t (USD7.96/b) ex works and vanadium penoxite flake from RMB100,000/t (USD6.64/b) ex works to RMB106,000/t (USD7.03/b) ex works. The source thinks the demand from buyers is slow now.
"In fact, we have no idea why the price of the material could go up. As some suppliers raised the offer of the material, we just followed suit," reported the source.
The source also reported that they have concluded less than 20t of ferrovanadium this month. After the price increase, they received some enquiries from buyers but no orders.
A Hunan-based smelter confirmed the market situation. The source also raised the offer of ferrovanadium 50% from RMB110,000/t ex works to RMB120,000/t ex works but revealed no deal has been reached so far.
"The supply of the material is tightening because a lot of smelters have halted production in the past few months, and I believe that should be the main reason for the price increase," said the source.
The source used to run with an output of 60t of ferrovanadium per month but halted production in the previous month.
However, a Sichuan-based smelter believes that there is no reason for the price of the material to go up at the present time, as the market is still lack of demand now. He thinks the price of the material should be stabilized at RMB110,000/t ex works for ferrovanadium 50% and USD8/b FOB CMP for vanadium penoxite flake. But he also believes that the price of the material will not come down, as a lot of smelters have halted production and the present price is already close to the production cost.

Asianmetal Chinese ferromolybdenum market stable

As more consumers are back to the market to purchase ferromolybdenum this week, participants report that there are more buying activities, and the market tends to stable. Though big mines have increased the offers for molybdenum concentrate to RMB1,600-1,700/mtu (USD10.64-11.31/lb), many people still believe there is not enough momentum for the price to rebound further.
A Liaoning-based smelter with a capacity of 300tpm offered RMB125,000/t (USD30.55/kg) for ferromolybdenum 60% Wednesday, but admitted that their concluded prices were in the range of RMB108,000-115,000/t (USD26.39-28.1/kg) depending on the quantity. The source reported that offers for molybdenum concentrate have gone up to RMB1,500/mtu (USD10.00/lb), while major miners offer RMB1,700/mtu (USD11.31/lb) for the material. "The truth is, market is stable now, and the price is not really going up significantly," said the source. "The mainstream price should be in the range of RMB110,000-115,000/t (USD26.88-28.1/kg) ex works for ferromolybdenum 60%."
Meanwhile, another Liaoning-based smelter with a capacity of 5,000tpy for ferromolybdenum disclosed to Asian Metal that it is still workable to purchase molybdenum concentrate 40% at RMB1,450/mtu (USD9.65/lb). "No matter how high the offer is, only the concluded price matters," remarked the supplier.
The source concluded 20t of ferromolybdenum 60% at RMB110,000/t (USD26.88/kg) in a tender Tuesday, suggesting that the market has not gathered enough momentums to go up. "I think the market would remain stable for some time, and the future is still up in the air," said the source. However, the source pointed out that there are more buyers in the market compared to last month.

Chinese ferromolybdenum market stops falling

As some consumers are back to the market purchasing ferromolybdenum, and major suppliers adjust their offers up a little bit this Tuesday, Chinese ferromolybdenum appears to have bottomed out for the first time after two months' continuous price crash. Offers for ferromolybdenum 60% rebound slightly to RMB115,000-120,000/t (USD28.1-29.33/kg), and suppliers informed that there are more buying activities seen in the market.
It is learnt that a consumer in Inner Mongolia purchased 300t of ferromolybdenum at RMB106,000/t (USD25.9/kg) on a long-term contract recently, and the delivery time lasts until next March. It is disclosed that the consumer signed a long-term contract with foreign buyers, so they would like to assure the supply of ferromolybdenum. Though it is not a large quantity given the delivery time, it makes many people think that buyers are ready for positioning. One should realize that the demand has not come to the real recovery, and the final market direction still depends on the general demand from steel industry.
A Liaoning-based smelter with a capacity of 4,000tpy disclosed to Asian Metal that they sold small batches of ferromolybdenum 60% at RMB112,000-113,000/t (USD27.37-27.61/kg) onTuesday morning, and then raised their offer to RMB120,000/t (USD29.33/kg) in the afternoon. "We offered 10t of ferromolybdenum 60% at RMB120,000/t (USD29.33/kg) to a foundry, but the buyer didn't come back," said the source. "I don't think it would push up the price much, because the demand remains sluggish, but it is so good to see the price stop falling any longer."

The source indicated that mines resist low prices at present, offering RMB1,500-1,600/mtu (USD10.00-10.64/lb) for molybdenum concentrate, and the floor price should be above RMB1,400/mtu (USD9.31/lb). "The government investment of RMB4 trillion (USD586 billion) rebuilds people's confidence to some extent, and I hope the market could stabilize, so that we could resume normal production," said the source.
Another Liaoning-based smelter with a capacity of 100tpm told Asian Metal they concluded a 5t and another 10t of ferromolybdenum at RMB115,000/t (USD28.1/kg) this Monday, and they increased the offer to RMB120,000/t (USD29.33/kg) Tuesday. "I think the market has turned around, though buyers are watching after hearing the offer of RMB120,000/t (USD29.33/kg)," said the source. He also disclosed that a major supplier of molybdenum concentrate has raised their offer for the material to RMB1,600/mtu (USD10.64/lb), giving support to the price rebound for ferromolybdenum.
However, an Anhui-based smelter questioned the increased offer for ferromolybdenum, suggesting that the price could not go up in view of the sluggish demand.

Uncertainty pervades European ferromolybdenum market

According to several sources, even though ferromolybdenum market appears to be stable in the range of USD23.00-25.00/kg Mo d.p. in warehouse Rotterdam, uncertainty still clouds buying activity as there have been talks of molyoxide material slipping to as low as USD7.00/lb.
A source reportedly sold 10t of ferromolybdenum at USD24.50/kg Mo d.d.p. (delivered duty paid) and was of the view there appeared to be enough material in warehouse and, therefore, expects more unsolicited offers in the coming days. "Everything is not certain and the price of molyoxide should determine where we go from here in the coming days," said the source.
Another source sold several smaller tonnages of 2-3t in the range of USD25.00-28.00/kg Mo d.p. and agreed the market is yet to bottom-out as one could be made to believe, citing market rumor of molyoxide at around USD7.00/lb. "It is still a rumor though, many participants are not taking it with levity," remarked the source.
An European converter differed and reported Chinese suppliers were still offering material at as high as USD11.00/lb but added should molyoxide prices go to USD7.00/lb, it could make ferromolybdenum prices go as low as USD19.00/kg Mo d.p., all things being equal and, given the cost of old inventories, it would be difficult for him to put any material on offer.
And commenting on the outlook in the near term of four to six weeks, market insiders see ferromolybdenum price falling to the level it was three-four years ago as many steel mills have scaled back production and ferromolybdenum smelters have to find one way or the other to push stock to end-users.

ferro vanadium market stabilizing at USD32/kg

On fairly effective cap on supply to spot market ferrovanadium prices seemed to have stabilized at USD32.00/kg V d.p. in warehouse Rotterdam having falling by up to USD2.00/kg V d.p. in the past several week.
A western trader disclosed he sold 5t of FeV 80%min grade material at USD32.80/kg V and would offer another 5t by mid-week at USD32.60/kg V d.p. in warehouse Rotterdam for prompt delivery. "we are seeing reasonable demand though trade margin is low," said the source.
Another source reportedly sold a truckload at USD32.20/kg V d.p. and was waiting for confirmation of another 5t at USD33.20/kg V but with extended payment terms. The source thinks there is no panic on the side of dealers any more as "days of many unsolicited offers appear to have gone for the moment."
In a related development, however, vanadium pentoxide material is being offered at USD9.20/lb but some suppliers reported to have accepted bid at USD8.50/lb. A western trader lamented the slow movement of the material in the past three weeks and said it was risky to have taken positions on the market for the fact that enquiries from end-users were almost non-existent.
With or without demand, two sources close to Chinese suppliers revealed to Asian Metal there were not many material shipped from China at beginning of the month, so it is speculated there could be some two to three weeks of low inventory in warehouse next month, and this could benefit the dealers with material though everything else depends upon volume of orders in the market at the time.

Manganese flakes market summary Nov 3-7

Manganese market sees no changes all through the week with the price lingering at around RMB10,500-11000/t (USD1,540-1,613/t) ex works. Most smelters are closed for the moment but due to the weak demand as a result of the whole economic recession, the downstream stainless steel market also keeps stagnant. Sources reported to Asian Metal that few deals are concluded during the period and most smelters still in operation just relies on contracts signed earlier.
Manganese smelters are generally out of the market now for no profits for them at all while the price stays at below RMB11,000/t (USD1,613/t) ex works. Some suppliers being pressed by the cash turnover while the financial situation in the global market is worsening, start to sell at prices of almost RMB10,000/t (USD1,466/t) ex works. Some participants even predict the price would go below that level as the future market would remain in the downturn. As most participants see, the current market slack would last for another three to four months, while the downstream stainless steel market would be dull in the coming one to two years.
Most buyers have already arranged enough materials for the production in the rest of the year and thus few deals have been reported since October. We learnt from the Customs that over 6,000t of the material is exported to Netherland, with another 5,000t to Japan and 4,000t to South Korean in Septemberr. And still there are small quantities of material delivered to foreign countries according to long term contracts. As a result, few foreign buyers are still in the market though the Chinese suppliers offer quite a low price of around USD2,100/t FOB. Some traders still in the market just purchase very few materials and they keep pressing the price down to around USD2,000/t FOB.
Manganese price in Rotterdam holds at around USD2,300-2,400/t and that offers from China slide to around USD2,100-2,200/t CIF Rotterdam though few deals are concluded during the period. There are still reports that some buyers fail to pay in time or try to renegotiate for lower prices.

European antimony prices slide further

BEIJING (Asian Metal) 12 Nov 08 – Although Chinese government closed many antimony mines and smelters in Lengshuijiang areas last week, antimony prices did not stop falling. Market participants reported lower prices to Asian Metal.
A European trader disclosed that the latest offer he received from Chinese supplier was USD5,800/t CIF Rotterdam for 99.65%min low bismuth antimony ingot, and the material is about two weeks away from Rotterdam. "Most offers are in the range of USD5,800-5,900/t CIF Rotterdam, but consumers are not responding," said the source.
According to him, one of the major consumer told him two weeks ago that they would be interested when price fall below USD6,000/t, but now he is expecting price to fall below USD5,500/t. "When the market is falling, consumer adjust their target price frequently." The trader believes the closure of mines and smelters in Hunan area is not having effect, because the problem is on demand side of the market.
Another European trader is offering 99.65%min standard grade two antimony ingot at USD5,800/t CIF Rotterdam or other European port to his customers, but received no inquiries. "Market is very quiet at the moment, and many consumers are already long in stock from long-term supplies, so they are not interested in buying from spot market," the trader remarked.
He holds that the European consumers will not in spot market for the rest of the year due to the weak economy and slow demand, then they will end with some stockpiles by the end of the year and consume the inventory in the first quarter of next year. By the time of second quarter, there will be too much material available in market; therefore, he told Asian Metal that the European antimony market will not see any recover before September of 2009.

Chinese antimony trioxide exporters see more inquiries

BEIJING (Asian Metal) 11 Nov 08 – Some antimony trioxide exporters reported that they receive more inquiries from foreign buyers, though some concluded deals and some are not.
A licensed antimony trioxide exporter with a monthly export volume of at least 200 tons told Asian Metal that they receive more inquiries in the recent several days. They have concluded two deals of around 40-50 tons of antimony trioxide 99.5%min at around USD5,000/t CIF Rotterdam last Thursday, delivered right after the end of Christmas holiday.
The source revealed that the clients who have just place orders are worried about the antimony price to go up around the Chinese New Year's time and also about the potential price bounce caused by the clampdown of the illegal plants.
However, the source stated that not many buyers send inquiries to them and they also could not conclude every deal with foreign buyers sent inquiries. Demand remains weak and the export price is decreasing further too.
Another licensed exporter who mainly lives on long-term contracts and has an average export volume of around 300 tons confirmed that they received slightly more inquiries from European buyers, but they have not concluded even one deal. They quoted USD5,200-5,300/t CIF Rotterdam last week and believe that it is possible to conclude deals with buyers around USD200-300/t lower than that price.
The source believes that it will take some time for the economy and the antimony market to return warm. However, as the consumers have not purchased much for around two months, they may finally come back to the market so that the antimony price may bounce slightly in the coming month.

Clampdown of illegal antimony plants suspends

BEIJING (Asian Metal) 11 Nov 08 – The clampdown of the illegal antimony plants in Lengshuijiang region has been suspended due to the confrontation between local smelters and the police forces and the law-enforcement personnel last week. It is4informed that the clampdown will be resumed this Sunday on 16 November, 2008.
A Loudi-based smelter with a monthly production capacity of around 400-500 tons told Asian Metal that the clampdown has been suspended as the local smelters prevented the action from carrying out, which finally led to riot. Several police forces and local law-enforcement personnel were injured in the confrontation and were sent to the hospital. Now the government transfers to find those local smelters and the clampdown will resume on this Sunday.
The source also revealed that there will be 59 illegal plants in the first list of tearing down and three to five plants will be luckily kept, among which two are likely to be Loudi Xinghua Non-ferrous Smelting Co.,Ltd and Hunan Zhenqiang Antimony Co.,Ltd.
At present, except for the above mentioned two smelters and Hsikwangshan Twinkling Star as well as several others, almost all the smelting plants have been cut off water and electricity and are in suspension.
"We hope that the antimony price may become stable after clampdown of the illegal smelting plants. However, we are still not sure what results we are going to get," said the source who hold around 60 tons of antimony ingot on hand. Currently there is only one production line running with a monthly production capacity of around 20-30 tons.
The source holds that the antimony offers range widely from RMB33,000/t (USD4,832/t) to RMB37,000/t (USD5,417/t). They heard some deals concluded at the lower side.
Another smelter with a monthly production capacity of around 400 tons in Hunan , near the Lengshuijian region, confirmed the current situation of the Lengshuijiang region and the current status of the plants in the area. The source stated that as many other suppliers and traders are watching closely on the development of the clampdown action with high expectations that it may result in good influences to the whole antimony market.
The source also revealed that offers for antimony ingot range widely. Some smelters quote RMB36,000-37,000/t (USD5,271-5,417/t) ex works, while some others quote as low as RMB30,000/t (USD4,392/t) VAT excluded ex works. The source believes that there is still huge room for the antimony ingot price to drop as the offers for antimony concentrate decreases. Recently some antimony concentrate suppliers are anxious about price of antimony concentrate to decrease because stocks accumulated in the past one to two months when most antimony ingot smelters hesitate to purchase and they quote around RMB20,000/t (USD2,928/t) VAT excluded for antimony concentrate 50-60% at present, down from RMB28,000-29,000/t (USD4,100-4,246/t) VAT excluded around a month ago.

Flame retardant mechanism of antimony trioxide

Flame retardant mechanism of antimony trioxide

Antimony trioxide itself has no flame retardant function, however, when it is used together with halogenated compounds, the synergistic effect of the mixture creates the flame retardant properties.
Antimony trioxide reacts with halogenated compound and creates the chemical compounds, which generate the flame retardant function, through the following process.
1)Stop action of thermal de-composite chain reaction under gas phase (Radical trap effect)
2)Sealing action against oxygen under gas phase (Air sealing effect)
3)The formation of carbonaceous char under the solid phase (Air sealing and adiabatic effect)
The above reactions are considered to be as follow;

Examples of Antimony Trioxide Mixture Flame-Retarded Polymers

Type of Polymers		Typical Data (phr)					UL-94(1.6mm)	LOI
PVC 100 phr		DINP 50 Sb2O3 3					V-0	30.4
PE 100 phr		TBA* 15 Sb2O3 5					V-2	26.3
PP 100 phr		DBDPO 20 Sb2O3 10					V-0	26.4
PS 100 phr		DBDPO 10 Sb2O3 10					V-0	27.4
ABS 100 phr		TBA* 24 Sb2O3 10					V-0	33.3
PBT 100 phr		TBA* 16 Sb2O3 7					V-0	27.8
PUR 100 phr		DBDPO 12 Sb2O3 3					V-0	30.7
PA	100phr	DBDPO	16	Sb2O3	6		V-0
PA66	43.6phr	BPS	20	Sb2O3 MASTERBATCH	6.0	VetrotexEC104.5MM983 30	V-0

*Br content, including 50-70% TBA derivative and Oligomer type
Above data is an example of measurements, but are not standards or warranties of performance.

Flame Retardant are substances that can be chemically inserted into the polymer molecule or be physically blended in polymers after polymerization to suppress, reduce, delay or modify the propagation of a flame through a plastic materials. There are several classes of flame retardants; Non-halogenated / Halogen-FREE (Ammonium Polyphosphate, Melamine Polyphosphate etc) flame retardants , Halogenated Hydrocarbons ( Chlorine and Bromine containing compounds and reactive flame retardants ), Inorganic flame retardants ( Boron compounds, Antimony oxides, Aluminium Hydroxide, molybdenum compounds, zinc and magnesium oxides ), Phosphorous containing compounds ( Organic phosphate esters, phosphates, halogenated phosphorous compounds and inorganic phosphorus containing salts ).

Non-halogenated Flame Retardant
Non-halogenated Flame retardant not only enhances its non-halogen properties, it also has excellent properties like environmental friendly, lower smoke, excellent water-proof aging, aging stability, low migration, excellent processing property and attractive performance.A wide and versatile range of applications, applies to plastics, rubber as well as coating industry.

Antimony Trioxide
Antimony trioxide is used mainly in fire-retardant formulations for plastics ( PVC resin, Vinyl resin and other resins compatible to DOP ), rubbers, textiles, paper and paints. It is also used as an additive in glass and ceramic products and as a catalyst in the chemical industry.

Deca
Decabromodiphenyl Oxide, belongs to a family of polybrominated flame retardant, is used polyolefins, styrenics, polyamides and thermoplastic polyester resins. Its end applications include elastomers, wire & cable, textile coatings, electrical & electronic equipment, automotive parts, construction materials, texture backcoatings and textile blends.

Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium Hydroxide is white powder, very slightly soluble in water; decomposing at 350 C. It occurs naturally as the mineral called brucite or is prepared by reacting magnesium sulphate or chloride with sodium hydroxide. It is used in the refining of sugar, in extraction of magnesium metal, in the processing of uranium, and in the sulfite wood pulp process. It is an inert filler, flame retardant and smoke suppressant for plastics, synthetic rubber, reinforced polyesters, phenolics, and urethane foam. Magnesium hydroxide releases its 31% water when heated to above 325 C, which cools the product below flash point to reduce fire occurance. Medicinally it, in the form of a mixture ( milk of magnesia ), is also used as an antacid and as a osmotic laxative.

Zinc Borate
Zinc Borate is used as a flame retardant and smoke suppressant for a wide range of plastics, rubber, paper and textiles. It can replace antimony oxide as a synergist in plastics and rubber to enchance the activity of primary flame retardants by stepwise releasing the radicals. Is is also used in paints, adhesives, pigments and ceramic industries. It alos acts as an anti fungal agent and as a soil amendment to improve the vigor of plants.

For formulation guidelines, grades and application selection and further information, please contact us. samjiefu@gmail.com

Melamine Cyanurate ( MCA )

Description

Melamine Cyanurate is a kind of salt synthesized from melamine and cyanuric acid, and belongs to phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant. Two types (powdered and granulated) of MCA can be supplied to meet the users’ requirements. The vaporized melamine acts as an inert gas source diluting the oxygen and the fuel gases present at the point of combustion. The cyanuric acid acts to decomposed the polymer thus rapidly removing it from the combustion source. In this case, there are three types of flame retardant mechanisms at play.

Chemical name: Melamine Cyanurate (MCA) Structural formula Molar mass 255.2 Melting point Appr. 350℃

Commercial name: SLFR-8 Empirical formula C6H9N9O3 Odour Odorless Appearance White powder

Durability
Thermally stable at ambient temperatures.
Technical demands
Item	Specifications
Appearance	white fine flowable powder	White even granular
MCA content	≥99.5%	≥99.5%
Particle size D50	≤4 μm	≤4 μm
Particle size D98	≤25 μm	≤25 μm
Excess melamine	≤0.2%	≤0.2%
Excess cyanuric Acid	≤0.2%	≤0.2%
Water content	≤0.2%	≤0.2%
Benefits:
Melamine Cyanurate is a halogen-free flame retardant for polyamide. Melamine Cyanurate has established itself as the flame retardant of choice to achieve UL94 V-0 especially for unfilled polyamide 6 and 6, 6. Some of its attributes include cost effectiveness, excellent electrical and mechanical properties and colorability, Non-blooming, low smoke generation, and low corrosivity. It is also a safe material to use from a handling standpoint, as well as in fire situations in compounds, health, safety, and compatible with environment; A good balance between flame-retardant effectiveness and thermal stability of Melamine Cyanurate provides for easy processing at the compounding stage.

SLFR-8 Dose Recommended:
Recommended formulations for UL94 V-0 PA:
PA66	92%	MCA 8%
PA6	90%	MCA 10%
It can be used in rubbers, nylon, epoxy resin, polyester, as well as lubricants and binders.
The formulations may differ from the recommended ones; the data above is only for reference.
Packing and transport information:
Packing of powder:
In 15kg multilayer paper bag with inner PE liner 1FCL 20#=9.6mt with pallet Packing of granular: In 25kg multilayer paper bag with inner PE liner 1FCL 20#=16 mt pallet The package also could be made according to client’s requests. Transport: General chemicals. H.S. Code: 2933699090 More information and MSDS , please contact us by email : samjiefu@gmail.com
General notes: all data given in this leaflet are intended to inform you about our products , they are based on our present knowledge and experience and given without a guarantee and are subject to alterations. We recommend to test our products for their adequacy. A liability for violation of protective rights of third parties or infringements of legal regulations in excluded.

Decabromodiphenyl ethane masterbatch

Description

SL-2 Pellet ,Non-dusting ,Universal applications,Easy to handle, more economical ,Universal applications lower loading level, Not containing resin carrier, High content of bromine, Good thermal stability and flame retardancy, No dioxin problems.

Chemical name: Decabromodiphenyl ethane pellet (DBDPE pellet) Structural formula Molar mass 971.2 Melting point Appr. 345℃

Commercial name: SL-2 pellet Empirical formula C14H4Br10 Odour Odorless Appearance White even pellet

Durability
Thermally stable at ambient temperatures.
Technical demands
Purity Other material(dispersant ) Free bromine Appearance	86-96% min. 14-4% max. 10ppm white even pellet
Application Recommended:
Flame Retardant for ABS (757k)
Property Unit Method 1 2 Tensile strength MPa GB/T1040 42.5 20 58.4 7.9 8.3 -0.71 V-0 42.1 26 63.5 11.4 9.8 -0.58 V-0 Elongation at break % GB/T1040 Simple beam impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1043 Simple beam notch impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1043 Izod notch impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1843 Average dimension change % HG-112 Flame retardancy UL94 ANSI/UL94
Formulation 1 ABS 80, DBDPE 15, Sb2O3 5 Formulation 2 ABS 84, Pellet DBDPE 12, Sb2O3 4 Pellet DBDPO composition DBDPE 90, nucleating agent 5, Other additives 5
Flame Retardant for HIPS
Property Unit Method 1 2 Tensile strength MPa GB/T1040 18.7 42 59.9 8.3 7.5 -0.77 V-0 22.6 46 71.4 9.8 8.3 -0.55 V-0 Elongation at break % GB/T1040 Simple beam impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1043 Simple beam notch impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1043 Izod notch impact strength KJ/m2 GB/T1843 Average dimension change % HG-112 Flame retardancy UL94 ANSI/UL94
Formulation 1 HIPS 80, DBDPE 15, Sb2O3 5 Formulation 2 HIPS 84, Pellet DBDPE 12, Sb2O3 4 Pellet DBDPE composition DBDPE 90, nucleating agent 5, Other additives 5
Use of the pellet Decabormodiphenyl ethane instead of commercial Decabormodiphenyl ethane for ABS or HIPS at lower loading level , some performances of the flame-retarded materials, such as impact strength, elongation at break, dimension change, can be improved slightly, while keeping the materials flame retardancy grade.
Packing and transport information:
Packing:
in 25kg WPP bag with inner PE bag 1FCL 20#=20mt without pallet 1FCL 20#=20mt with pallet in 1000kg big bag with inner PE bag 1FCL 20#=20mt with pallet Transport: General chemicals. More information and MSDS , please contact us by email : samjiefu@gmail.com
General notes: all data given in this leaflet are intended to inform you about our products , they are based on our present knowledge and experience and given without a guarantee and are subject to alterations. We recommend to test our products for their adequacy. A liability for violation of protective rights of third parties or infringements of legal regulations in excluded.